基于DEM的山东省气候舒适度时空分布研究

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Climate Comfort Index Based on DEM in Shandong Province

气候条件对人类居住环境的舒适与否有相当大的影响,通过地理信息系统技术,以山东省114个气象站点近40年的观测数据为基础,对区域气候因子与地形的关系建立相关计算公式,利用数字高程模型(DEM)数据对气候因子进行地形订正,生成实际地形下的气温、湿度和风速时空分布栅格数据,再将其代入气候舒适度模型进行栅格运算,得到实际地形下的山东省气候舒适度时空分布特征。研究结果表明,春季鲁西南地区较舒适,夏季全省都在舒适和较舒适范围内,秋季鲁中和半岛地势较高地区为不舒适地区,其余均在舒适和较舒适范围,山东省冬季气候舒适度为极不舒适。

The climate condition has considerable influence on the comfort of living environment of human beings. Based on the spatial interpolation technique supported by GIS software, the correlation between terrain and climate, the temporal and spatial distribution of meteorological parameters such as air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed in Shandong Province were examined using DEM data and 40 years （1971--2010） meteorological data observed in 114 meteorological stations in the study area. Then the grid calculation was carried out using climate comfort index model, the temporal and spatial distribution of climate comfort index of actual terrain was obtained. The results show that different comfort degrees exist in different parts of Shandong Province in the four seasons. In spring, the climate is relatively comfort in the southwest region; in summer, the climate is comfort or rela- tively comfort in the whole province; in fall, the climate in the middle region and the peninsula region turns to uncomfortable; finally, in winter, the climate in the whole province turns to extremely uncomfortable.