美国《海洋界限:中国南海海洋主张》报告评析

An Analysis of U.S.Department of State Report——China:Maritime Claims in the South China Sea

美国国务院海洋、国际环境和科学事务局海洋和极地事务办公室2014年12月5日发布报告《海洋界限:中国南海海洋主张》,对中国的南海U形线可能的性质做出评论。该报告挑选在中菲仲裁案和南海争端处于非常微妙的时刻发布,无疑具有明显的指向性和针对性,其意图耐人寻味。一方面,该报告力图通过理性分析方式建立自己的"公正、客观"立场;另一方面,通过抹黑中国合理诉求的方式支持和偏袒菲律宾的不合理诉求。本文针对该报告在国际法、尤其是国际海洋法方面出现的错误进行辨析和驳斥,以正视听。

On 5th December 2014,the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs under the U.S.Department of State issued ' Limits in the Seas,No.143—China:Maritime Claims in the South China Sea',which comments on the possible nature of the U-shaped line drawn by China in the South China Sea.If the general background is taken into consideration,this act has a strong implication on the pending arbitration brought up by the Philippines against China.Seemingly objective and impartial,Report No.143 tries to portray Chinese legitimate rights as an excessive and unfounded claim.To achieve this goal,the report has misinterpreted,to a large extent,the international law,including the law of the sea.The present article aims at pointing out the mistakes in the argumentation of Report No.143 and correcting the wrongs.