留守经历与农村社会的断裂——桂中壮族留守儿童研究

The Experience of Left-behind and the Fracture of Rural Society——An Ethnographic Study of Left-behind Children in Guangxi

结构视角缺失的留守儿童研究,没有辨别漫长的留守经历对于留守儿童和农村社会的真正影响。通过将结构的视角带回来,文章旨在勾勒行动者与结构之间的互为构建过程,以刻画这一历史场景下社会结构变动的轨迹。基于广西中部壮族养猪者留守儿童的田野研究发现,留守儿童对于割裂性城乡关系的认知始于其父母在两地分离的状况下再造"家"的过程。家庭结构变动、"家"意义的丧失、乡村社区衰落以及制度性向上流动渠道的封闭,推动了留守儿童真正脱离乡村社会。留守经历塑造社会行动者心智结构的过程,导致了农村社会结构断裂和新劳工生成的双重结构后果。

The lost of structural perspective in the study of left-behind children group cannot figure out the real influence of long-period left-behind experience on the children themselves and the whole rural society. Through the structure perspec- tive, this article aims to describe the mutual construction process between actors and structure, so that explore the social structure changing trajectory embedded in the unique historical background. Based on the field research on left-behind chil- dren from family raising pigs as the main source of their income in the middle part of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the author found these children＇ s perception of the dividing urban and rural relationship began with the rebuilding ＇ home＇ process within the condition of parents＇ separation. It is the changing structure, the loss of meaning, the decline of rural community and the transformation of school function that make the left-behind children being away from the rural society. All of this led to the fracture of the rural social structure.