中国首起输入性中东呼吸综合征疫情应急处置实践

Emergency response to the first imported case of Middle East respiratory syndrome in China

目的通过对中国首例输入性中东呼吸综合征(MERS)病例的调查及对疫情的处置,总结防控经验,为今后处置类似疫情提供科学依据。方法收集现场流行病学调查信息、政府决策信息和实验室病原学检测结果,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果该病例于2015年5月26日从韩国经香港入境广东省惠州市,患者在发病前曾暴露于韩国首例MERS确诊病例入住的病房,其父亲及姐姐分别为韩国第3和第4例MERS确诊病例,入院时自述除发热外无其他不适。采集患者咽拭子、痰、血液、粪便等样本采用Real-time RT-PCR方法检测MERS-Co V核酸,结果显示均为阳性。在我国内地共追踪到75名患者密切接触者和31名一般接触者,经过14 d医学观察期及实验室检测,未发现二代病例。结论根据患者流行病学史、临床表现和病原学检测结果判定该患者为输入性中东呼吸综合征确诊病例,其入境后至入院前的接触者中未发现二代病例。

Objective To summarize experience of the response to China∽s first imported case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus （MERS-CoV） infection and provide scientific basis for simi- lar outbreak control in future. Methods Field epidemiological data, government decision-making informa- tion, and laboratory testing results were collected during response period and analyzed using descriptive epi- demiology methods. Results China ∽s first imported MERS-CoV infection case, whose father and sister were Korea＇s third and fourth MERS-CoV cases, entered Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, via Hang Kong SAR from the Republic of Korea. Moreover, the case had exposed to Korea∽ first MERS-CoV case∽ ward before the onset of illness. Specimens of throat swab, sputum, blood, and stool were collected from the imported patient for detecting MERS-CoV by using the real-time RT-PCR method. The MERS-CoV nu- cleic acid was confirmed to be positive. Furthermore, a total of 75 close contacts with the patient and 31 general contacts were traced and isolated for medical observation for 14 days in the mainland of China, but no second generation cases were found by laboratory testing. Conclusion According to epidemiological in formation, clinical data and etiology testing results, the patient was confirmed as the China＇s first imported MERS-CoV case in the mainland of China, but no secondary cases were found among the contacts of the patient.