“可”强调功能的产生及演变

Generation and Evolution of Emphatic Function of Ke

古代汉语里,由于语义、语法等因素,助动词"可"逐渐转化为语气副词"可"表强调,其语法位置通常位于心理活动动词或性质形容词前。当"可"作为助动词时,常与副词"良"、"实"、"深"、"甚"、"胜"、"真"等搭配,表示强调。与此同时,"可"还作为构词成分,放在一些新出现的词语里如"可煞"、"可怜"、"可不"等表强调。元明清时代,还出现大量"可"+vp模式表强调。本文将从历时层面,研究"可"强调功能的产生及演变。

The auxiliary verb ke was transformed into the modal adverb ke because of semantics and grammar in ancient Chinese,and it was usually in front of psychological verb and qualitative adjective. At the mean time,as an auxiliary,ke was usually used with adverb liang、shi、shen、sheng、zhen to express the emphasis. ＂ ke ＋ vp＂ was a special pattern which appeared in the Yuan Dynasty to express the emphasis. This paper is to discuss diachronically about the generation and evolution of the emphasis function of ke.