口服降糖药的药物基因组学研究进展

Study progress on pharmacogenomics of oral hypoglycemic agents

2型糖尿病的药物治疗中,由于个体差异,常导致疗效及不良反应多样。药物基因组学的研究表明,药物代谢酶、转运蛋白、受体以及与2型糖尿病发病机制有关的易感基因的多态性都是引起药物效应和不良反应多样性的重要原因。与口服降糖药疗效相关的基因可以分为四大类:与药物代谢和转运相关基因,编码药物作用靶点和受体的基因,T2DM发病相关基因以及其他影响药物疗效的基因。本文总结了与口服降糖药疗效相关的基因多态性位点,以期借助这些研究成果促进糖尿病个体化治疗,提高疗效,减少不良反应。

In the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus（ T2DM）,hypoglycemic drugs,due to individual differences,often result in varied efficacy and adverse reactions. Pharmacogenomics studies show that the polymorphisms of drug-metabolizing enzymes,transporters,receptors,and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes are important impact factors. The related genes of efficacy of oral hypoglycemic agents can be divided into four categories：drug metabolism and transport-related genes,encoding drug targets and receptor genes,T2 DMrelated genes and other genes affect drug efficacy. This article summarizes the genetic polymorphisms associated w ith the efficacy of oral hypoglycemic agents to promote individualized treatment of diabetes,improve efficacy and reduce adverse reactions.