支气管肺泡灌洗术在儿科呼吸系统疾病中的应用

Application of bronchoalveolar lavage in children with respiratory disorders

支气管肺泡灌洗术（bronchoalveolar lavage，BAL）在儿童呼吸系统疾病中已得到广泛应用，其在肺部疾病的诊断和治疗价值已得到普遍证实。施行BAL后所得的支气管肺泡灌洗液（bronchoalve．olar lavage fluid，BALF）常用于微生物病原学鉴定、细胞及非细胞成分分析，指导临床用药、疾病诊断治疗和发病机制研究等。该文就近年来儿科领域BAL的操作技巧、标本转运处理以及在下呼吸道感染、间质性肺病等肺部疾患临床应用中的新进展作一论述。

Bronchoalveolar lavage （BAL） has been widely used in pediatric respiratory system disea- ses, and it has been comfmned the value of the diagnosis and treatment in lung diseases. Collected bronchoalveo- lar lavage fluid （BALF） is often used in microbiological pathogen identification,cellular and non-cellular com- ponents analyses. And it can be also used as guideline of clinical medication, diagnosis, treatment and pathogene- sis research of the respiratory disorders. This article summarizes the advance of BAL in pediatrics , such as BAL operating skills,specimen transport and handling,and clinical application in lower respiratory tract infection and interstitial lung disease.