国内外致密油勘探现状、主要地质特征及差异

Exploration status, main geologic characteristics and their differences of tight oil between America and China

近10年来,国内外致密油勘探均取得了重要进展。致密油资源潜力较大,已成为非常规石油中最现实的勘探领域。在分析前人大量研究成果的基础上,概述了国内外致密油的勘探现状,并厘定了致密油发育的主要地质特征及差异。国内外致密油发育的主要地质特征为:1相对稳定的沉积构造背景,保存条件好;2大面积分布的优质有效烃源岩,生烃强度大;3大面积连续分布的有效致密储层,储集能力强;4有效的源储接触关系,聚集效率高。国内外致密油地质特征的差异主要表现在烃源岩层、致密储层和油藏等特征3个方面。这些认识能够为我国下一步致密油勘探开发提供有益参考。

In recent ten years, great progress has been made in the tight oil exploration around the world, suggesting that tight oil resources have great potential, which has became the most realized target for exploration of the unconventional oil. Based on pervious studies referring to tight oil, this paper summed up the exploration status of tight oil between America and China, and discussed the main geologic characteristics of them and their differences. The main geologic charac- teristics of tight oil are as follows： （ 1 ） it was commonly developed in the sediment-tectonic setting with well preser- vation; （2） organic-rich source rocks associated with it extend over large areas with high hydrocarbon-generating inten- sity; （3） tight oil reservoirs are distributed in a large area continuously with giant reservoir space; （4） tight oil reser- voirs were effectively coexisted with source rocks with highly active accumulation. The differences of geologic chara- cteristics of tight oil between America and China mainly exit in three aspects of source rocks, tight reservoirs and oil deposits. These above conclusions are hoped to provide some beneficial suggestions for next tight oil exploration in China.