广西珊瑚钨锡矿区氧化物型尾矿重金属污染综合评价

Heavy Metal Pollution Comprehensive Evaluation of Oxide Tailings in Shanhu Tungsten-Tin Mine Area of Guangxi

分析检测广西珊瑚钨锡矿区尾矿样中重金属砷、镉、铜、铅、锌的含量,以国家土壤质量Ⅲ级标准作为参比值,利用地累积指数法、综合污染评价法和潜在生态危害指数法对珊瑚钨锡矿区尾矿的污染状况进行综合评价。地累积指数法和综合污染法评价结果显示,珊瑚钨锡矿区尾矿镉和砷污染较为严重,较国家土壤质量Ⅲ级标准值超标倍数均值>40倍,锌和铜元素为轻微污染,铅无污染,重金属污染程度相对大小为镉>砷>锌>铜>铅。潜在生态危害指数法评价结果显示,重金属污染程度相对大小为镉>砷>铜>锌>铅。综合评价表明,珊瑚钨锡矿区尾矿中镉和砷对综合污染指数的贡献最高,珊瑚钨锡矿区镉和砷为主要污染因子。

The contents of heavy metals such as As,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn of the oxide tailings samples from Shanhu tungsten-tin mine area in Guangxi are analyzed,and the polluted situation of the area is comprehensively evaluated by the evaluation methods of the cumulative index,integrated pollution evaluation and potential ecological risk index with National soil quality Ⅲ level standard as the reference value. The results of cumulative index and integrated pollution evaluation show that in the Shanhu tungsten-tin mine area tailings,the pollution of Cd and As is very serious. It is more than 40 times than that the National soil quality Ⅲ level standard. The pollution of Zn and Cu is slight,and Pb is no pollution. The relative intensity order of heavy metal pollution is Cd 〉As〉 Zn〉 Cu〉 Pb. The evaluation result by the potential ecological risk index shows that the relative intensity order of heavy metal pollution is Cd 〉As〉 Cu〉 Zn〉 Pb. It is indicated by the comprehensive evaluation that Cd and As in the Shanhu tungsten-tin mine area tailings take the highest contribution to pollution index,so are Cd and As the main pollution factors.