“樗蒲”述考——以《世说新语》为中心

Comprehensive Survey of Chupu——Centered on the New Saying of the World

樗蒲本属西域的一种博戏活动,经老子而传入中原,历经嬗递形成特有的博戏文化。通过对《世说新语》等文献中关于樗蒲的记载分析与梳理,还原了其形制及玩法,考察了其兴起与衰亡的过程,并借助樗蒲活动所投射出的文化意蕴,进一步窥探魏晋南北朝社会时人在文化形态上逐渐摆脱儒家精神枷锁,追求人性、崇尚自由等观念,进而将樗蒲活动从礼制的附庸中加以世俗化的精神需求。樗蒲博戏作为一种独特的文化现象,从两汉发轫至魏晋之际的风靡再到明清衰亡的流变轨迹来看,证明了樗蒲博戏在当时流传之广,对后世影响之深,彰显着樗蒲文化的独特魅力。

Chupu was a gambling game activity which originally belonged to the western regions. It was introduced by Lao Tze and entered the central plains of China,and then became a special gam- bling culture through evolution.The paper will restore its construction modality and game play, and the process of rise and fall of Chupu in ancient China by means of analyzing and carding the Chupu re- corded in the New Saying of the World. From that work, it could understand the cultural implication which is reflected by the game of Chupu.Then it can further pry about such changes as gradually get- ting rid of Confucian spiritual shackles, chasing the human nature and advocating freedom of people in culture forms during the Period of Wei,Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties.That also shows people＇s spiritual needs made the Chupu become a secular game from the dependent of Confucian propriety.