苹果砧木叶片结构对水分胁迫的响应（英文）

Responses of Apple Rootstock Leaf Structure on Water Stress

[目的]测定丽江山荆子和八棱海棠2份材料在干旱和复水情况下叶片结构的特征指标。[方法]以丽江山荆子(Malus rockii Rehd.)和八棱海棠(Malus robusta(Carr.)Rehd.)为试验材料,利用大棚自然控水-复水进行模拟水分胁迫处理。[结果]丽江山荆子叶片有2层栅栏组织,而八棱海棠叶片栅栏组织由3层柱状细胞构成,且排列紧密。八棱海棠叶片较丽江山荆子厚,栅海比高,气孔密度大,而丽江山荆子叶片气孔对于水分变化较八棱海棠敏感,干旱复水后气孔面积增加幅度是八棱海棠的10倍。干旱复水后,2份材料叶片的SR值提高,栅海比下降,八棱海棠2个指标的变化幅度均大于丽江山荆子。[结论]2份材料叶片在干旱-复水水分胁迫的响应不同,八棱海棠叶片抗旱结构特征较丽江山荆子明显。

[Objective] The aim was to explore, leaf structure characters of Malus rockii and Malus robusta at drought and rewatedng. [Method] The research used Malus rockii and Malus robusta as test materials to conduct water stress treatment by water control and rewatering. [Result] Malus rockii consists of two layers of pal- isade tissue and Malus robusta consist of three layers of columnar cells. Leaf of Malus robusta is thicker, and the thickness of leaf palisade tissue-to-the thickness of spongy tissue ratio is higher. In contrast, leaf stoma of Malus rockii performs more sensitively to water change, and the stoma area after rewatering is 10 times as high as Malus robusta. Besides, after rewatering, SR grows higher, the thickness of leaf palisade tissue-to-the thickness of spongy tissue ratio declines of the two test materials, but the changes of Malus robusta prove more significant. [Conclusion] The two test materials are different in responses to drought and rewatering, and the leaf structure characters of Malus robusta changes obviously than that of Malus rockii during water variation in terms of resisting drought.