基于部门偏向技术进步的工业与农业部门间生产率差异解释

An Explanation of the Inter-Sectoral Productivity Difference between Industry and Agriculture based on Sector-Biased Technology Progress

在农业部门劳动者可以进行家庭生产(Household Production)的条件下,本文讨论了工业与农业劳动生产率差异产生的原因,以及这种差异在经济发展过程中的变动轨迹。研究发现:技术进步具有部门偏向性,随着工业部门劳动者逐渐增多,工业部门的技术水平也逐渐提高,并提高了农产品相对价格水平;随着农产品相对价格水平的提高,农业部门的劳动者会逐渐增加劳动力供给、缩短家庭生产的时间;随着农业部门劳动者用于家庭生产时间的减少,工业与农业之间的劳动生产率差异会逐渐缩小。

When workers in the agricultural sector can work at home （Household Production）, the paper discussed the change reasons of industrial and agricultural labor productivity, and its change traits in process of economic development. The study showed technology progress has the department bias, with the gradual increase in the industrial sector workers, the technology level of industrial sector increase, thereby increasing the relative price of agricultural products; with the increase of the relative price of agricultural products, the agricultural sector workers will gradually increase the labor sup- ply and reduce household production time; when the agricultural sector workers will reduce household production time, labor productivity difference between agriculture and industry will gradually shrink.