户籍歧视还是人力资本差异?——对城城与乡城流动人口收入差距的布朗分解

Household Registration Discrimination or Human Capital Differences?——Brown Decomposition of Income Gap for City and Floating Population

运用2012年流动人口动态监测数据,采用Brown分解方法研究了城城和乡城两类跨县流动人口的收入差异。结果发现:教育等人力资本因素可以解释两者之间大部分就业机会和收入差异;户籍歧视可能是由户口所在地(即本地与外地)的差异,而非城乡户口性质差异导致的。仅靠取消城乡户籍差别难以提高乡城流动人口的收入,也难以让他们沉淀下来。

Based on the 2012 Floating Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey,this paper uses Brown decomposition method to analyze the income gap between rural-urban and urban-urban migrants.The result shows that income disparities between the different human capital is the major part of the overall income inequality.The household registration discrimination revealed in previous literature is caused by the different residences of household registration（local and non-local）instead of household registration nature（agricultural and non-agricultural household registration）.Therefore,it is difficult to increase the income of rural-urban migrants and resettle them in the cities by only eliminating the differences between urban and rural household registration.