《诗》学转变与明代诗经图

The Book of Songs and the studies in the Ming dynasty

宋元以来,诗经图创作多出于政教鉴戒。明中后期,时风流变,《诗》学由经学向文学转变,由崇高向世俗回落,画坛也复追元代放逸画风,与鉴戒无涉,而书画消费,又使明画带有世俗趣味。在此背景下,宫廷画院之外的诗经图创作,摆脱了诗教的束缚,迎合时风趣味,借《诗经》诗意,绘写心中图景。直至清乾隆朝,《御笔诗经全图》再度让诗经图回到教化系统。明代诗经图可分为三类,一是临摹马和之《毛诗图卷》的仿作,一是取材于《诗经》的诗意图,一是取材于《诗经》的商业广告图。

Since Song and Yuan dynasties,the studies on the Book of Songs focus on moral teaching.By the mid and later Ming dynasty,the trends change from Confucian classics to literary studies.Moreover,painters emulate the painting style of Yuan dynasty,and their intention becomes recreational.It is not until the Qianlong era of Qing dynasty that studies on the Book of Songs return to morality.So,the Book of Songs has benefited painters and scholars in their researches.