北京市朝阳区居民健康素养及其影响因素研究

An analysis on influencing factors of health literacy among residents of Chaoyang District,Beijing City

目的：了解居民健康素养水平及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法抽取北京市朝阳区15～69岁居民1028人，以《中国公民健康素养———基本知识与技能（试行）》为框架，使用经专家论证及预试修改完善后编制的问卷进行入户调查，应用非条件 Logistic 回归分析健康素养的影响因素。结果朝阳区居民健康素养具备率为21.21％。科学健康观、安全与急救、传染病预防、信息的获取与应用、基本医疗、慢性病预防和日常保健七类健康问题素养具备率由高到低依次是59.05％、55.84％、41.34％、27.53％、27.14％、10.31％和6.61％。基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和基本技能3方面素养具备率分别是25.58％、18.09％和32.20％。多因素 Logistic回归分析显示，农村和文化程度低是影响居民健康素养的因素（P ＜0.01）。结论朝阳区居民健康素养水平有待提高，应对城乡居民和不同文化程度人群开展针对性的健康教育，重点对不良生活方式与行为进行干预。

Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of health literacy among residents in Chaoyang District, Beijing City.Methods Through multi -stage stratified cluster sampling method in Chaoyang District,a total of 1 028 residents aged 1 6 to 69 years were selected.They were interviewed by using the questionnaire based on Chinese Citizens Health Literacy -Basic Knowledge and Skills （Trial）and modified by experts.Non -conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the influencing factors of health literacy.Results The health literacy rate among the respondents was 21 .21 %.The health literacy rates of 7 issues including scientific view of health,safety and first aid,infectious diseases prevention,access to information and applications,basic medical care,chronic diseases prevention and daily health care were 59.05%,55.84%,41 .34%,27.53%,27.1 4%,1 0.31 % and 6.61 % respectively.The health literacy rates of basic knowledge and concepts,health lifestyle and behaviors with basic skills were 25.58%,1 8.09% and 32.20%respectively.The result of multiple logistic regression showed that living area and education level were the influence factors of health literacy.Conclusion According to the characteristics of living area and education level of residents,some measures should be carried out to improve the residents＆#39;health literacy,especially focused on the lifestyle and behavior intervention.