7种金属离子对中国林蛙和中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的急性毒性比较研究

Comparison Study on the Acute Toxicity of 7 Metal Ions on the Rana chensinensis and Bufo gargarizans Tadpoles

为评估Cu2+,Hg2+,Cr6+,Cd2+,Li+,Al3+和Co2+7种金属离子对中国林蛙(Rana Chensinensis)和中华大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)蝌蚪的急性毒性效应,采用生物毒性试验方法对中国林蛙和中华大蟾蜍36期蝌蚪,进行上述7种金属离子的急性毒性试验,分别测定了这7种金属离子对中国林蛙蝌蚪和中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的半数致死浓度(LC50)。此外,分析了中国林蛙和中华大蟾蜍36期蝌蚪的肥满度、肝指数等形态指标。结果显示,Cu2+、Hg2+、Cr6+、Cd2+、Li1+、Al3+、Co2+对中国林蛙蝌蚪的96h-LC50分别为0.270 mg·L-1、0.803 mg·L-1、2.375 mg·L-1、7.351 mg·L-1、11.273 mg·L-1、17.265 mg·L-1和20.973 mg·L-1。对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的96 h-LC50分别0.593 mg·L-1、0.593 mg·L-1、2.827 mg·L-1、2.592 mg·L-1、12.656 mg·L-1、14.020 mg·L-1和57.435 mg·L-1。中国林蛙蝌蚪对Cu2+、Cr6+、Li+、Co6+4种金属离子的敏感性相对较高,而中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪对Hg2+、Cd2+、Al3+3种金属离子的敏感性相对较高。形态指标的差异是中国林蛙与中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪对同一金属离子敏感性差异的原因之一。

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the acute toxicity of Cu2＋ , Hg2＋ , Cr6＋ , Cd2＋ , LF , A13＋ and Co2＋ on the Rana chensinensis and Bufo gargarizans tadpoles at Gosner stage 36. The median lethal concentration （LC50） values at 7 kinds of metal ions to the R. chensinensis and B. gargarizans tadpoles were calculated, respective- ly. In addition, morphological characters （fatness, liver index） of R. chensinensis and B. gargarizans tadpoles were determined. The results showed that 96 h-LC50 of Cu2＋ , Hg2＋ , Cr＋ , Cd2＋ , Li1＋ , A13＋ and Co2＋ for the R. chens- inensis tadpoles were 0.270 mg＊L-1, 0.803 mg·L-1, 2.375 mg·L-1, 7.351 mg·L-1, 11.273 mg·L-1, 17.265 mg·L-1 and 20.973 g ·L-1, respectively. While the 96 h-LCs0for the B. gargarizans tadpoles were 0.593 mg ·L-1, 0.593 mg ·L-1, 2.827 mg ·L-1, 2.592 mg ·L-1, 12.656 mg ·L-1, 14.020 mg ·L-1 and 57.435 mg ·L-1, respectively. The sensitivity of the R.