衣冠制度与生活政治——以《礼记》为中心的考察

Dressing System and Life Politics

在儒家礼治传统中,衣冠往往还具有重要的政治意义,是儒家"生活政治"得以落实的重要载体。日常生活的衣冠可以作为维护秩序与等级的工具,承载和传递政治价值与政治信息,成为表达政治情感和政治认同的工具。传统社会的人们,尤其是具有政治身份的人,在日常生活中,往往必须要接受衣冠礼仪的规训从而成为符合礼仪传统的知礼之士,衣冠制度也因此成为政治事务。传统衣冠制度也在一定程度上束缚了人们的心灵自由、妨碍了人们对于身份平等的认同。

In Confucius ritual tradition,dressing tended to play apolitical role and medium of＂life politics＂.Daily dressing was a tool to keep order and hierarchy,bearing and passing political values and information.Dressing was regarded as a means to express political emotions and identity.In traditional society,people,especially those with political identity,were subjected to dressing rites in order to become polite people according with etiquette tradition.Thus,dressing system became a political system.On the one hand,dressing system enhanced civilization,but restrained people＇s spiritual freedom and equality to a degree.