基于AHP的耕地保护公共政策分析

ANALYSIS OF FARMLAND PROTECTION PUBLIC POLICY BASED ON ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

耕地保护是我国的一项基本国策,在执行耕地保护政策过程中出现了"自上而下"、"激励主体"两种不同的保护模式,不同模式政策执行效果有显著差异。耕地保护制度在执行过程中经常出现偏差,中央政府保护耕地的政策目标不能得到有效实现,耕地保护的主体——农户的基本利益也不能满足,耕地质量的隐形下降与保护效果的明显欠佳。这些现象都表明需要客观评价不同模式的耕地保护政策。河北是农业大省,唐山市是其经济发达、耕地保护任务艰巨的典型地区。根据唐山市典型农村356家农户进行实地调查获取的数据和资料,选取评价指标和因素,运用层次分析法对"自上而下"、"激励主体"两种不同模式的耕地保护政策执行效果进行对比分析。研究表明,"激励主体"的耕地保护模式在执行效果上显著优于"自上而下"的耕地保护模式。研究结论表明需要从"自上而下"的行政模式向以经济激励为核心"激励主体"的市场模式转变,这对优化耕地保护政策执行具有借鉴意义。

Farmland Protection is one of the basic national policies in China and a very important public policy in the field of government land resources allocation as well. Traditional ＂ top- down＂ mode and ＂ incentive subject＂ mode have different protection effects. Moreover,there are still a lot of problems in the protection of farmland,for example,the cultivated land protection system often appears deviation in the process of execution,the cultivated land policy goals of the central government cannot be effectively implemented,the basic interests of farmers,the main body of protection of farmland,cannot be met,and cultivated land quality was associated with a decrease in stealth protection effect. Therefore,it is necessary to estimate the implement results of the farmland protection policy. Based on the acquisition data and information by the 356 typical farmer families＇ field investigations,the paper used Analytic Hierarchy Process to make a contrastive analysis of the performances of two different farmland protection policies. The research results showed that the implementation effect of ＂ incentive subject＂ mode is significantly better than the ＂ top- down＂ mode,which indicated that the protection policy needed to transfer from the administrative mode to market mode. This conclusion had significant reference to optimize the farmland protection policy.