上颌第一恒磨牙根尖孔的解剖形态研究

THE STUDY OF ANATOMICMORPHOLOGY OF APICAL FORAMEN IN PERMANENT MAXILLARY FIRST MOLARS

目的:研究上颌第一恒磨牙根尖孔的解剖形态。方法:收集101颗离体上颌第一恒磨牙,经亚甲基蓝染色后用体视摄影显微镜在40倍率下拍摄记录根尖孔和侧副根尖孔的数量、形态,使用Phmias2008计算机软件测量根尖孔的最大径和最小径,并进行统计学分析。结果:共观测361个根尖孔。标本只有1个根尖孔的比例最高(84.4%)。根尖孔的形状大多数是椭圆形(70.6%)。不同牙根的根尖孔最小直径的均值在(0.22±0.08)mm至(0.34±0.13)mm之间。最大直径的均值在(0.29±0.12)mm至(0.44±0.17)mm之间。根尖孔最大径与最小径的差值≤0.15mm的比例为84.3%。结论:上颌第一恒磨牙根尖孔解剖形态具有高度复杂的变异。掌握上颌第一恒磨牙根尖的解剖形态能够为临床治疗提供依据。

Objective. To investigate the anatomic morphology of the apical foramen of maxillary first molars. Methods.. 101 teeth of permanent maxillary first molars were collected. The numbers and shape of roots apex and lateral side of root apex were recorded by stereomicroscope at 40 times after these tooth were stained with methylene blue and above data were analyzed by Phmias 2008 computer software. Resuits. A total of 361 foramen was investigated. Only one of the incidence of apical foramen was highest （84.4%） and most apical foramen shape were oval which accounted for 70.6%. The mean range of mini- mum diameter in the minor apical foramen was from（0. 22±0.08） mm to （0. 34±0.13）mm. The range of mean maximum diameter of the minor apical foramen was from（0.29±0.12） mm to （0.44±0. 17）mm. The rate of apical foramen which the difference between maximum and minimum diameter was no more than 0.15mm ,accounted for 84.3%. Conclusion. The anatomic morphology of apical foramen of maxillary first molars has highly complex variations ,so these complex variations morphology of maxillary first mo- lars apical foramen may provide evidence for clinic treatment.