389例晚期早产儿并发症及住院情况的临床研究

Clinical study of complications and hospitalization in 389 late preterm infants

目的分析晚期早产儿生后并发症的发生率、病死率及住院情况,为临床防治提供依据。方法对389例晚期早产儿生后并发症发生情况进行回顾分析。比较不同分娩方式对呼吸系统并发症发生率的影响;比较合并呼吸系统并发症与未合并呼吸系统并发症的晚期早产儿的住院时间、住院费用及病死率。结果本组晚期早产儿生后呼吸系统并发症的发生率较其他系统并发症高,为23.65%,单个并发症的发生率由高到低为低血糖(20.57%)、喂养不耐受(17.48%)、高胆红素血症(14.91%)、脑室内出血(8.23%);经剖宫产比阴道分娩发生呼吸系统并发症多(32.34%vs.10.39%,P<0.05);与未合并呼吸系统并发症的晚期早产儿相比,合并呼吸系统并发症的晚期早产儿的住院时间,住院费用及病死率均有增加(P<0.05)。结论晚期早产儿生后易发生多种并发症,严格执行剖宫产指针,可减少呼吸系统并发症的发生率。重视发生呼吸系统并发症的患儿,以缩短住院时间、减少住院费用、降低病死率。

Objective To analyze the morbidity,mortality,and hospitalization of complications in late preterm infants. Meth- ods A total of 389 late preterm infants were retrospectively analyzed. The influence of delivery mode on respiratory complications was compared. And the influence of respiratory complications on length of hospital stay, hospital expenses and mortality were analyzed and compared. Results Our data showed that main complications were diagnosed as respiratory complications（23.65%）. Oth er complications were diagnosed as hypoglycemia （20.57 % ）, feeding intolerance （17.48 % ）, hyperbilirubinemia （ 14.910% ）, and in- tacranal hemorrhage （8. 23%）. Respiatory morbidity was sgnificantly higher in preterm infants by caesarean section than by va- ginal delivery （32.34% vs. 10.39% ,P〈0.05）. The time and cost of hospitalization and the mortality were higher in late preterm infants accompanied by respiratory complications than those in infants without respiratory complications （P〈0.05）. Conclusion There were very prone to a variety of complications in late preterm infants. In order to reduce the morbidity of respiratory complications in late preterm infant, indications for caesarean section must be strictly mastered. We should pay more attention to respiratory complications,which might be helpful to short the length of hospital stay,save hospitalization expenses and reduce the mortality.