钢轨无损检测中的超声导波技术

Ultrasonic Guided Wave Technique for Nondestructive Testing of Rails

超声导波技术因检测距离远而成为近年来无损检测领域研究的热点。文章首先分析了超声导波技术与常规超声波检测技术的区别,介绍了导波检测原理以及钢轨中超声导波的频散及多模态特性。其次,从导波传播特性的数值计算方法、激励频率及导波模态的选择、导波信号处理方法以及工程应用等方面阐述了超声导波技术在钢轨无损检测中的研究进展。最后,对钢轨超声导波检测技术的研究趋势进行了展望。

Ultrasonic guided wave technique has become a research focus in the field of nondestructive testing in recent years due to its long testing distance. The difference between ultrasonic guided wave technique and traditional ultrasonic testing techniques was firstly analyzed in this paper,and the testing principle together with the dispersive and multi-mode characteristics of ultrasonic guided wave in rails were also introduced. Then the research progresses of ultrasonic guided wave technique for nondestructive testing of rails were elaborated,including numerical methods of ultrasonic guided wave＇s propagation characteristics,selection of excitation frequency and guided wave modes,signal processing methods of guided wave and engineering application. Finally,the research trends of ultrasonic guided wave testing technique for rails were prospected.