马克思的“后正义观”与“中国道路”

Marx's Doctrine of “Post-justice” and “China's Road”

"马克思与正义"讨论需要被置放到思想史语境中方能得以推进。从亚里士多德的分配正义到17世纪特别是苏格兰思想家的阐释,分配正义已经窄化为按照贡献原则(劳动)分配的正义,这是资产阶级证成私有财产权的需要(劳动—所有权)。考察这一转变,可见马克思并未否定分配正义,这要求人们需要推进对"各尽所能、按需分配"之真实内涵的把握。在中国特色社会主义建设中,实践智慧地处理两种分配正义形态之间张力,已经逐渐开启一条与"自由主义与社会主义相结合寻求正义"、"市场正义"以及"第三条道路"的正义观念不同的"中国道路"。

Only in the context of intellectual history can we carry forward the discussion on 'Marx and justice'. From Aristotle to Scottish thinkers' interpretation in the 17th century,distributive justice has been narrowly understood as the justice of distribution according to contribution( labor),which is required in the logic of the bourgeoisie to justify private property right. By examining this change,we find that Marx does not deny distributive justice. This requires us to understand the real connotation of 'bringing one's ability into full play and allocating according to one's needs'. The construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics needs to deal with the tension between these two kinds of distributive justice practically and wisely,which has gradually formed a 'China's road'different from the approach of 'seeking justice by combining liberalism and socialism','market justice'and the 'third path'.