论燕卜荪与英美新批评派之间的理论关联与分歧

The Theoretical Correlation and Division between William Empson and Anglo-American New Criticism

学术界将威廉·燕卜荪归为英美新批评派的惯常认识并不到位。燕卜荪恰恰是在与新批评派理论相区分的过程中,逐步完成自己在思想上的划界,进而建立了极富个人特色的理论体系。燕卜荪非常强调作者生平以及历史背景在理解文学作品中的重要性,而这两者恰恰是新批评家们所尽力避免的。燕卜荪以"形式"和"作者的意图"所展开的系列论述,是其与英美新批评派之间理论分歧的显证。

It is an improper understanding that William Empson belongs to the school of Anglo-American New Criticism.During the process of differentiating him from the New Critics,Empson gradually completes his delimitation in thinking and establishes the theoretical system with his distinctive characteristics.Empson highly emphasizes the importance of authors biography and historical background to understand the literature,which are exactly what the new critics trying to avoid.Empson expounds his view from perspectives ofform ＂ and authors intention＂.It shows the clear proof of the theoretical division between him and Anglo-American New Criticism.