杂交水稻糙米发芽前、后γ-氨基丁酸含量的杂种优势研究

Studies on Heterosis of γ-aminobutyric Acid Content in Brown Rice and Germinated Brown Rice of Hybrid Rice

以两用核不育系龙S和4个质核互作不育系(T98A、137A、中3A、资100A)与4个恢复系(R125、R123、28H130、R358)进行不完全双列杂交,获得20个杂交组合,以威优46作为对照,研究了杂交稻种子(F1)及杂交稻稻谷(F2)糙米发芽前、后γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量的杂种优势表现。结果表明,不同亲本间、不同组合F1代间和F2代间糙米发芽前、后的GABA含量均存在显著差异;糙米发芽后的GABA含量大大高于发芽前的GABA含量;糙米发芽前的GABA含量F1代、F2代均有部分组合存在超高亲优势,糙米发芽后的GABA含量F1代和F2代所有组合均表现出超高亲优势。说明具有较好发芽能力的报废的杂交稻种子及杂交稻稻谷均可作为富含GABA发芽糙米制品的生产原料。

Five male sterile lines,including one PTGMS line（ Long S） and four CMS lines（ T98 A,137A,Zhong3 A and Zi 100A）,and four restorer lines（ R125,R123,28H130 and R358） were used to make 20 F1 hybrids by incomplete diallele design（ NCⅡ）. Using these hybrids and their parents as the materials together with Weiyou 46 as the control,the heterosis of γ-aminobutyric acid（ GABA） content was studied in brown rice and germinated brown rice of hybrid rice seed（ F1） and hybrid rice grain（ F2）. The results showed that there existed significant difference in GABA content of brown rice and germinated brown rice among the parents,among F1 generation of the hybrids and among F2 generation of the hybrids. The GABA content of germinated brown rice was much higher than that of brown rice. In the F1 and F2generations,the GABA content of brown rice showed mid-parent heterosis and heterobeltiosis in some hybrids,while the GABA content of germinated brown rice showed heterobeltiosis in all hybrids,which suggests that both the discarded hybrid rice seed（ F1） and the hybrid rice grain（ F2） with good germinating viability can be used as the raw materials for production of germinated brown rice products with rich GABA content.