陶弘景六字诀中“呬”的发音

Pronunciation of “Hei” in the Six Healing Sounds Exercise by TAO Hong-jing

六字诀正式记载首见于陶弘景的《养性延命录》,是经典的呼吸吐纳代表功法。由于历史上语言发音变迁等原因,以文字形式记录的发音在流传中出现了不同的版本,特别是"呬"的发音多有争议,大体有5种发音。本文以陶弘景六字诀的发源年代地点为基础,通过对"呬"字的字典考证,古音学角度考证,佛经翻译中"呬"字对应藏音和梵音验证,六字诀发音的自然原则,流传到日本的"呬"字发音,以及现代科研中音图的检测,多角度探讨古代六字诀发音的可能性,认为"hei"的发音方式比较接近古代六字诀中"呬"的发音。

As one of the classic qigong exercises focused on inspiration and respiration, the six healing sounds exercise was initially found in Yang Xing Yan Ming Lu（Record of Health-preserving and Life-prolonging） by TAO Hong-jing. However, due to linguistic changes in history, the pronunciations of written language have presented various versions, and the pronunciation of ＂Hei＂ is especially controversial, generally having five different versions. Based on the researches of the origin time and birthplace of this exercise, dictionaries,ancient phonetics, translation of Buddhist scriptures in Tibetan or Sanskrit, natural rules in pronouncing the six healing sounds,pronunciation of ＂Hei＂ transmitted to Japan, and voice detection in modern scientific research, this paper was to explore the pronunciations of the six healing sounds in the ancient time and to confirm that ＂Hei＂ should be the pronunciation most approaching to the one in the ancient time.