在“经济”与“其他”之间——吉登斯《历史唯物主义的当代批判》之批判

Between the“Economy”and the“Others”——The Critiques of Anthony Giddens“A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism”

在历史唯物主义视阈中,确认生产力和经济的决定性和首要性,并不意味着排斥和否定政治和文化等其他非经济因素的重要作用。这是两个处于不同层面、具有不同性质的问题。前者处于本质抽象层面,是对社会历史一般本质和规律的概括;后者则处于现象具体层面,是对社会历史本质和规律的表现形式和实现方式的描述。在前一层面,生产力和经济的发展具有必然性,呈现为一种总的趋势和平均数;在后一层面,它们则既可以是"发展"的,也可以是"不发展"和停滞的,呈现出种种不同的局部特征和个别态势。马克思的这一观点始终是一致的,并不存在吉登斯所说的不同文本之间的断裂和前后矛盾。

From the perspective of historical materialism, it doesn＇t mean rejecting and denying the important role of such other non-economy elements as politics and culture to affirm the decisiveness and primacy of productive forces and economy. They are two issues on different levels and of different nature. The former is on the level of essential abstraction and sums up the general es sence and laws of social history,while the latter is on that of appearance concretion and describes the form of expression and the mode of realization of the essence and laws. On the former level, the development of productive forces and economy has inevitability and presents themselves as a total tendency and average;on the latter level, productive forces and economy may be of development,or be at a standstill and manifest themselves with different local characters and specific situation. K. Marx holds identical viewpoints, and there is called by Anthony Giddens between the texts at aren＇t discontinue and self-contradictory what the end and those at the beginning.