海萝属藻类繁殖生物学及增养殖研究进展

Breeding,restocking and culture of Gloiopeltis: A review

海萝属(Gloiopeltis)的经济价值颇高,其藻类提取物在化工、医药和食品等领域有着广泛应用,但近年来的过度开采导致自然海区内海萝属藻类资源量日益下降。目前海萝属藻类仍处于粗放式增殖状态,亟待开展规模化的人工养殖,然而其养殖方面的相关研究与其他经济海藻相比明显滞后。本文概述了海萝属的空间分布情况,并对海萝属藻类的繁殖生物学研究进行回顾,介绍了其生活史、繁殖方式、孢子保存方法及萌发过程。对生理生态学研究进行了重点描述,包括影响孢子释放、附着、萌发与成活的因素,以及影响藻体生长、繁殖及存活的因素。概述了海萝属藻类增养殖领域的研究及应用现状。指出选育耐高温且生长性状良好的新品系是今后海萝属藻类养殖业发展的重点内容。

The extracts of algae, Gloiopeltis, have been widely used in chemical, medical and food industries ; however, over-exploitation has caused the scarcity of Gloiopeltis resources. Large- scale culture of Gloiopeltis is important to solve the shortage of natural source of Gloiopeltis, while our understanding of Gloiopeltis is obviously lagged behind that of other economic algae. The cur- rent review evaluates the spatial distribution and presents the reproductive biology of Gloiopeltis, including the life cycles, reproductive modes, storage methods and spore germination. We de- scribe several ecological and physiological factors that affect spore release, attachment, germina- tion and survival, as well as algae growth, reproduction and survival. Moreover, we describe the status of research and application of Gloiopeltis propagation. We suggest that finding and breeding new varieties of Gloiopeltis with high temperature resistance and superior growth traits is of great significance for future Gloiopeltis aquaculture.