侗族传统村落地景与空间结构研究——以广西三江高定侗寨为例

Landscape and Spatial Structure Of Dong Ethnic Group Traditional Village——A Case Study on Gaoding Sanjiang

高定侗寨"一门一桥一庙一林双寨双溪三径七楼七井"的多重地景构建了独特的多层次多维度的空间结构。一方面,寨门、风雨桥、小溪和石径等地景将阴界和阳界进行分离,让人和鬼各居其所、秩序分明;另一方面,飞山庙和樟树林作为神灵的居住场所与阳寨形成阳界与神界的对应。最后,寨门、樟树林和风雨桥的分隔、鼓楼的分化和石径的融合使得高定侗寨的村落空间结构形成一个万花筒状的三重同心圆结构。

The multiple landscapes contain ＂a door,a bridge,a temple,a forest,two stockades,a double creeks,three tracks,seven floors and seven wells ＂ in Dongzhai Gaoding, which constructs an unique multilevel and multidimensional spatial structure. On the one hand,the village gate,wind-rain bridge,streams and stone paths and other landscapes separate the Human world and Non-human world,which makes people and ghosts stay in their places; On the other hand,flying mountain temples and camphor forests as gods walled places to reside with the male form corresponding to the male world and the spirit world. Finally,the isolation of the village gate,camphor forests and wind-rain bridges,the differentiation of floors,the integration of stone roads all have made the villages spatial structure of Gaoding form a triple concentric structure like kaleidoscope.