3-D颞骨模型的制作与应用

Manufacture and Application of Three-dimensional Prototyped Model of Temporal Bone

目的探讨利用粉末堆积打印技术制作的高仿真3-D颞骨模型在解剖技能训练及模拟手术中的应用。方法利用高分辨率CT获取活体颞骨断层图像(正常人2例,慢性中耳炎患者2例),数据导入Mimics软件行图像分割及颞骨三维重建,以石膏粉末为原料,利用粉末堆积快速成型技术打印出颞骨模型,重要解剖结构与组织(听骨链、面神经、位听器、炎性渗出及胆脂瘤等)以不同颜色打印,并在显微镜下进行手术演练。结果颞骨模型的硬度与人骨相近,模型表面及内部骨性标志明显,解剖精确度高,钻磨触感接近真实,满足颞骨解剖技能训练及模拟手术的要求。结论利用粉末堆积打印技术能制作出仿真度更高、更接近实际人体解剖结构的颞骨模型,帮助临床医生在术前全面了解患者的颞骨及周围组织解剖结构与病变情况,制定和优化手术方案,减少并发症。

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal bone model of high precision for anatomical skill chaining and surgery simulation by using 3-D printing technology. Methods A high-resolution computed tomography （CT） images were obtained from 2 normal human and 2 chronic tympanitis temporal bone. The Mimics was use for image segmentation and three-dimensional reconstruction. The temporal bone model was duplicated with Powder packing rapid pro- totyping technology with the material of plaster powder. The printer applied colors to the important components （like ossicular chain, facial nerve and vestibulocochlear organ ）. Operational practice was performed under a microscope. Results The mate- rial properties were as hard as real bone. Anatomic details of the temporal bone model were dimensionally accurate and generally comparable to the human temporal bone. Conclusion The anatomic and haptic fidelity of the temporal bone model could be manufactured by the means of 3-D printing, which gives a better understanding of the anatomy and pathology of the patient. Then otologists can optimize the indimiduatial surgical planning and minimize serious complications.