元明清蒙汉合璧辞典及其对朝鲜“类解书”的影响

A Study on the Classified Mongolian-Chinese Lexicographical Books in the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasty and Their Influence in Korea

本文对元明清蒙汉合璧分类辞书的编撰及其对朝鲜的影响进行了研究,认为古代东亚蒙汉合璧分类辞书有一定的承传关系。《至元译语》是元代编撰的蒙汉合璧分类辞典,可以说是古代东亚最早编撰的蒙汉合璧分类辞典,成为明洪武、永乐年间的《华夷译语》等辞书中蒙汉对译语汇的蓝本。清代满蒙汉辞典的编撰正是在元明"译语"等辞书基础上发展起来的。朝鲜司译院最早编撰的分类辞书《译语指南》受明代蒙汉对译辞书的影响,17、18世纪司译院根据清蒙汉合璧辞书对旧有的蒙汉分类辞典进行修订,命名为《蒙语类解》。

This paper studied on the compilation of the classified Mongolian-Chinese lexicographical books in the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasty and their influence in Korea.And it pointed out the continuity in these lexicographical books in the ancient East Asia.Zhi Yuan Yi Yu(《至元译语》),compiled in the Yuan Dynasty,was the first classified Mongolian-Chinese lexicographical book and became the original version of Hua Yi Yi Yu(《华夷译语》) in Hongwu(洪武) and Yongle(永乐) period of the Ming Dynasty.Meanwhile,influenced by the lexicographical books in the Yuan and Ming Dynasty,Manchu-Mongolian-Chinese lexicographical books in the Qing Dynasty developed.And according to the Mongolian-Chinese lexicographical books in the Ming Dynasty,the Si Yi Yuan(司译语)of Korea compiled Yi Yu Zhi Nan(《译语指南》).And based on the the classified Mongolian-Chinese lexicographical books in the Qing Dynasty,Si Yi Yuan completed a revised version named Mong-6 Yu-hae(《蒙语类解》) in the 17 th and 18 th century.