我国成年居民膳食胆固醇摄入量与血清总胆固醇水平关系的研究

Study on the relationships between dietary cholesterol and serum cholesterol among Chinese adults

目的了解我国成年居民膳食胆固醇摄入量与血清总胆固醇（Tc）水平的关系。方法资料来源于2009年第八轮“中国健康与营养调查”。将参加2009年中国健康与营养调查并有完整个人信息的18～65岁成年居民作为调查对象。分析调查对象膳食胆固醇摄入量与TC水平的相关关系，探讨膳食胆固醇摄人对TC水平的影响及膳食胆固醇摄入过量人群高胆固醇血症的患病风险。结果我国成年居民膳食胆固醇摄入量与TC水平及LDL-C水平呈显著正相关（均P〈0．05）；多元回归分析显示，成年居民膳食胆固醇摄入量是影响TC水平（P〈0．05）及女性LDL-C水平的重要因素（P=0．01）；调整混杂因素后，膳食胆固醇摄人过量（≥300mg／d）的男女性人群发生高胆固醇血症的危险性明显增高（0R=1．21，95％CI：1．03～1．42，P=0．019：OR=1．18，95％CI：1．00—1．40，P=0．044）。结论我国成年居民膳食胆固醇摄入量与其TC水平存在一定关联，降低居民膳食胆固醇摄入量可以预防高胆固醇血症的发生。

Objective To describe the relationships between dietary cholesterol and serum cholesterol among Chinese adults. Methods Data used in the present study was from the China Health and Nutrition Study （CHNS）. Chinese adults, 18 to 65 year olds who participated in the 2009 CHNS with complete individual information were included in the study. Correlation of dietary cholesterol and serum cholesterol among different sex groups was described to explore the effect of dietary cholesterol intake on the level of serum cholesterol as well as to examine the effect of higher intake of dietary cholesterol related to hypercholesterolemia. Results Results from the correlation analysis indicated that dietary cholesterol appeared a highly positive correlation （P〈0.05） with serum total cholesterol （TC） and low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）. Data from the multiple regression analysis showed that dietary cholesterol intake was an important factor that affecting the serum TC （P〈0.05） in both males and females but LDL-C was only in females （P=0.01）. After adjusting for potential confounders, the high intake of dietary cholesterol （ ≥300 mg/d） had higher risks for developing hypercholesterolemia in both males and females （OR = 1.21,95% CI： 1.03-1.42, P=0.019; OR= 1.18, 95% CI： 1.00-1.40, P=0.044）, respectively. Conclusion Dietary cholesterol intake seemed to correlate with the serum cholesterol level, and hypercholesterolemia should be prevented through reducing the dietary cholesterol among Chinese adults.