NaCl盐度和NaHCO3碱度对松浦镜鲤、方正鲫的孵化及其仔鱼存活的影响

Impacts of Na Cl Salinity and NaHCO_3 Alkalinity on Hatching Rate and Larval Vitality of Songpu Mirror Carp(Cynipus carpio) and Gibel Carp(Carassius auratus gibelio)

研究了NaCl盐度（0、1、3、5、7、9）和NaHCO3碱度（1.00 mmol/L、10.00 mmol/L、15.85 mmol/L、25.12 mmol/L、39.81 mmol/L、63.10 mmol/L）对松浦镜鲤（Cynipus carpio）与方正鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio）的孵化率、畸形率以及仔鱼24 h和48 h存活率的影响。1盐度实验结果,松浦镜鲤在盐度为0、1时,受精卵的孵化率较高,平均为72.40%±6.09%;在盐度0∽3时,孵出仔鱼畸形率较低,平均为6.02%±1.87%,48 h存活率较高,平均为94.99%±6.44%。方正鲫在盐度0∽3时,受精卵的孵化率较高,平均为68.03%±15.44%;在盐度0∽5时,孵出仔鱼畸形率较低,平均为7.95%±3.24%,48 h存活率较高,平均为88.52%±9.19%。2碱度实验结果,这两种鱼的孵化率在碱度1.00∽25.12 mmol/L时较高,松浦镜鲤平均为47.96%±8.43%,方正鲫平均为66.23%±18.11%。畸形率在碱度1.00∽15.85 mmol/L范围内较低,松浦镜鲤平均为12.47%±3.77%,方正鲫平均为12.46%±8.44%。48 h存活率在碱度1.00∽15.85 mmol/L时较高,松浦镜鲤平均为96.16%±5.04%,方正鲫平均为85.62%±3.73%。综合各项指标,松浦镜鲤和方正鲫人工孵化用水建议盐度控制在3以内,碱度控制在15 mmol/L以内。

The effects of different NaCl salinities（0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9） and NaHCO3 alkalinities（1.00 mmol/L, 10.00 mmol/L, 15.85 mmol/L, 25.12 mmol/L, 39.81 mmol/L, 63.10 mmol/L） on hatching rate, deformity rate of embryos, and survival rate of newly hatched larvae（24h, 48h） of Songpu mirror carp（Cynipus carpio） and gibel carp（Carassius auratus gibelio） were investigated in this study. The significant difference was analyzed with Duncan′s multiple comparison by using SPSS 17.0 software. A high hatching rate（72.40% ± 6.09% on average） of Songpu mirror carp was observed when the salinity ranged from 0 to 1. The deformity rate（6.02% ± 1.87%） of Songpu mirror carp was obviously lower at salinities 0 to 3 than other groups, and the mean survival rate at 48 h was 94.99% ± 6.44%. For Gibel carp, a high hatching rate（68.03% ± 15.44% on average） was observed at salinities 0 to 3, the deformity rates（7.95% ± 3.24%） was obviously low at salinities 0 to 5, and the mean survival rate at 48 h reached 88.52% ± 9.19%（Fig. 1）. High hatching rates of these two fishes were observed when the alkalinity ranged from 1.00 to 25.12 mmol/L, 47.96% ± 8.43% for Songpu mirror carp and 66.23% ± 18.11% for Gibel carp on average. The deformity rates of these two fishes were significantly lower when the alkalinity ranged from 1 to 15.85 mmol/L, 12.47% ± 3.77% for Songpu mirror carp and 12.46% ± 8.44% for Gibel carp on average. When the alkalinity ranged from 1 to 15.85 mmol/L, the mean 48 h survival rate of Songpu mirror carp was 96.16% ± 5.04%, and that of Gibel carp was 85.62% ± 3.73%（Fig. 2）. In conclusion, for Songpu mirror carp and Gibel carp, the suitable salinity for the hatching of fertilized eggs and the survival of larvae should be lower than 3, and the suitable alkalinity should be lower than 15 mmol/L.