勾栏瓦舍试解

The Exploration on the Goulan and Washe

本文从古代建筑结构入手,探讨古代瓦舍勾栏。提出古代所谓的瓦舍,就是并联的卷棚建筑,以形似瓦垅,而名瓦舍。而勾栏则是栏干的一种,这种栏干,栏柱外侧与底部横梁间有一斜撑,以形似勾矩,而名勾栏。因其皆为演出场地所用,故勾栏瓦舍,也就成为古代娱乐场所之代称。

In the angle of the structures of the ancient architecture, this paper discussed the washe and goulan in the ancient times, and pointed out that the so-called ＂washe ＂ was the closely built rows of buildings with round ridge roofs; because their roofs seen as a whole like the undulating tiled roof, they were called as ＂washe（tile dwellings）＂. Goulan was a kind of railings, the outside of the columns and the ground beam of which had a diagonal brace between them; because the frame formed by three of them looked like a set triangle used by carpenters（＂gouju ＂）, they were called as ＂goulan（set triangle-shaped railings）＂. Because these two architectural forms were mostly used in the performance locations, they became the metaphors of the entertainment places in the ancient times.