历史记忆与社会实践——以湘西腊尔山高地苗族社会与国家机构的文化互动为例

Historical Memory and Social Practice——A Case Study of Cultural Interaction between the Miao Community and Government Organizations in Xiangxi

民间传说由民众口头创作和传播,描述涉及国家、民族的重要的历史人物或历史事件、解释地方风物或习俗。苗族东部方言社区里流传的"九月初九"节日传说文本呈现族群想象与"帝国"之间的联系,过去的形象和有关过去的回忆性知识,是在节日仪式的"杀鸭子"操演中传送和保持。因此,在当代社会语境下民众所言说的"北京正王"和社群的关系也与传说如出一辙。尽管社会成员具有一个共同记忆,但是现在的体验使政府机构表征的国家与由历史记忆产生的想象的国家之间存在矛盾,地方社会基于对过去形象的记忆与地方政府通过民族文化事项互动,实现现存社会秩序的合法化。

Folklore isverbally created and spread,describing historic events or figures and explaining local customs. The legend text of festival ＂the ninth of September＂ of the Miao people in eastern dialect com- munity presents the relationship between the ethnic imagination and ＂empire＂, and the past figures and the memorial knowledge are transmitted and maintained through the ritual of ＂killing ducks＂. It is the same expression in contemporary social context about the link between ＂Peking King＂ and community. The social members share the similar historical memory~ however, people now are experiencing some difference between the imaginary state and the state represented by government organizations. Through ethnic cultural interaction based on past image memory, the existing social order can be legitimated.