青少年国家认同及其教育:困境与对策

National Identity of Adolescents and the Education: Dilemma and Countermeasures

国家认同是国家凝聚力和向心力的重要体现,是爱国主义教育的核心之所在。总体而言,当代青少年的国家认同程度高,但在国家认同及各个维度上存在着年龄、性别、民族、学校类型等方面的差异。同时,青少年在国家认同上存在情与理、群与己、灌输与教化等多重问题及教育困境。进一步改革和加强青少年爱国主义教育,需要更加注重基于理性的国家认同,注重涉身性,注重文化公民身份的建构,重发挥情境的教化作用。

National identity is the core of the patriotism education. In general, the degree of national identity of adolescents is high, but in the national identity and different dimensions, there are significant differences in age, gender, nationality, school type etc. At the same time, there are multiple problems and difficulties such as feeling and reason, group and self, indoctrination and enlightment in the education of national identity. Further reform and strengthening the patriotic education need to pay more attention to rational national identity based on rationale, the embodiment, the cultural citizenship identity construction and play the role of the enlightenment context.