快速城镇化视野下中国城市林业规划发展现状与特点

The Development Status and Features of Chinese Urban Forestry in the process of Urbanization

在中国改革开放的三十年间,城镇化成为了评判地方经济发展与地区社会组织程度和管理水平的重要标准之一。但快速城镇化也造成了城市生态层面及社会资源层面的危机。为了实现可持续的发展观念,平衡生态与发展的关系,我国于1965年正式建立了城市林业学科,并逐步开展了城市林业规划实践。实践中的中国城市林业规划是根源于土地性质的,对所有林地进行规划的土地规划方式。在中国林业规划的发展过程中,规划方式与评价方法逐渐建立与完善,有效地指导了城市林业的发展。但由于土地性质、评价标准与监管体制等根本问题,城市林业规划也显现出其格局局限性、指标片面性与监管执行性等方面的特点与问题。本文通过对中国快速城镇化以来的法律、法规以及相关案例的调查与总结,梳理中国城市林业的发展现状与发展特点,分析其主要问题,求得解决办法。

Urbanization has became one of the most important standards to judge the regional economic and social organization in the process of Urbanization. Urbanization brought resource crisis and Ecological crisis while it brought great benefits. In order to realize the concept of sustainable development; balance the relationship between ecology and economy, Chinese Urban Forestry was established in the year of 1965, then planning practice has began. The Chinese Urban Forestry planning practice is rooted in the nature of the land use, a way to plan all the woodland. Planning and evaluation methods was gradually perfected in the process of its development. But as a result of land property, evaluation standard and regulation system, there are still many problems, for example, the limitations of the pattern, the unilateral way to judge the planning, and the difficulties to perform the planning. This article investigated and summarized the laws, the regulations and the relevant cases in the process of Urbanization, finding out the problems of Chinese Urban Forestry and the way to solve them.