基于工业空间视角的长春市1995～2011年城市功能空间耦合特征与机制研究

Coupling Characteristics and Mechanism of Urban Functional Space of Changchun Based on the Perspective of Industrial Space in 1995-2011

以长春市1995年、2003年、2011年土地利用现状图和2011年遥感影像为数据源,以Arc GIS为分析工具,在城市功能空间动态变化研究的基础上,分析了长春市工业空间与居住空间、服务空间、交通空间的耦合程度与耦合特征,探讨了工业空间与居住、服务、交通空间的耦合机制。研究发现,长春市功能空间分异日趋明显,工业空间向外快速转移,城市服务空间与居住空间转移严重滞后,形成了大尺度的城市功能分区格局,带来更加严重的城市交通拥挤问题;工业空间与交通空间整体表现为临近布局和协调共进的耦合特征,但"临近性"开始降低,城市用地开发的交通导向并不十分明显。

China＇s megalopolises are in the stage of industrial space suburbanization, and the structure of urban functional space is showing rapid transition state. Based on the dynamic changes of urban functional space, using land-use map of 1995, 2003, 2011 and remote sensing image of 2011, taking Arc GIS as an analysis tool,the article analyzed coupling degree and coupling characteristics between industrial space and residential space, service space, transportation space, explored coupling mechanism between industrial space and the other three spaces. The study has shown that the differentiation of functional space was increasingly clear, industrial space was diverting out rapidly, the transfer of residential space and service space was seriously lagging behind, forming a pattern of large-scale urban functional zoning and bringing more serious problem of urban traffic congestion. The growth of each urban functional space and changes in the degree of coupling showed obvious geographic differentiation, which would cause differentiation of urban functional space to further increase and strengthen the overall zoning pattern of urban functional space. Industrial space and transportation space showed coupling features of approaching layout and hand coordination, but ＂close to nature＂ began to decrease, which is the reason that near field rigid expansion was still the main growth pattern of urban space,land development was primarily oriented urban spatial expansion, and traffic-oriented urban spatial expansion was not very clear. The article considered that the establishment of large industrial projects and development zones, compensation for the use of land and housing allocation system reform, motorization and the improvement transport facilities, technological innovation and social progress were the basic driving forces of coupling between industrial space and urban internal space. This study will provide empirical research for the study of mutual relationship between industrial space and other urban functional spaces in megalopolises, and provide theoretical guidance for formulating strategy of coordinated development of urban functional spaces.