凭祥口岸鼠类监测与风险评估

Rodent surveillance and risk assessment of rodent-borne diseases at Pingxiang ports

目的掌握中越边境凭祥口岸鼠种、组成及其体表寄生虫和携带病原体情况。方法选用夹夜法,采集凭祥3个中越边境口岸鼠类标本,收集鉴定体外寄生虫,血清学方法检测鼠感染病原体情况。结果连续4年的监测共捕获鼠类1 604只,隶属于3目4科7属14种,褐家鼠、黄毛鼠、白腹巨鼠为各生境中的主要鼠种。自鼠体表采获螨类1 721只,蚤类503只。鼠体流行性出血热、钩端螺旋体病和莱姆病病原体检测阳性,检出率依次为7.54%、1.56%和5.92%,鼠疫菌F1抗体未检出。结论凭祥口岸鼠疫、流行性出血热和钩端螺旋体病风险水平为中等危险度,莱姆病为低危险度。

Objective To describe the composition of the rodent species, their ectozoa and carried pathogens at the Sino-Vietnam border in Pingxiang. Methods Night trapping method was used to collect rodents and ectozoa at 3ports of Pingxiang. Immunological method was used to detect the pathogen antibodies in rodents. Results A total of1 604 rodents consisted of 3 Orders 4 Families 7 Genus 14 Species were collected, the predominant species were Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattoides and Rattus edwardsi. 1 721 mites and 503 fleas were collected from rodent skin.The positive prevalence of the antibodies of Hantavirus, Leptospira and Borreia burgdorferi was 7.54%, 1.56% and 5.92%respectively. No plague bacillus antibodies were detected. Conclusion The risk levels of Plague, Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever and Leptospirosisa were moderate, and risk level of Lyme disease was low.