黑龙江口岸新发蜱传疾病的调查

Investigation of emerging tick-borne diseases at Heilongjiang ports

目的调查黑龙江口岸地区蜱携带新发蜱传病原体的情况。方法针对黑龙江省5个中俄边境口岸,2014年4-6月采集蜱类样本188份,利用PCR方法分别扩增5种新发蜱传病原体的特异性核酸片段,通过基因测序进一步鉴定并分型。结果共检测出莱姆病螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorferi)阳性样本11例,巴贝西原虫(Babesia)1例,斑点热群立克次体(spotted fever group rickettsia)101例,巴尔通体(Bartonella)6例,嗜吞噬细胞无形体(Anaplasma phagocytophilum)10例,感染率分别为5.85%、0.53%、53.7%、3.72%、5.32%。共发现8种病原体,分别是嘎氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia afzelii)、伽氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia garinii)、巴贝西原虫属(Babesia sp.)、劳氏立克次体(Rickettsia raoultii)、新塔拉塞维奇立克次体(Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae)、黑龙江立克次体(Rickettsia heilongjiangensis)、巴尔通体属(Bartonella sp.)、嗜吞噬细胞无形体(Anaplasma phagocytophilum)。结论黑龙江中俄边境存在新发蜱传疾病多样性的特征,提示应重点关注斑点热群立克次体感染,并开展蜱及蜱传疾病的常态监测。

Objective To investigate the emerging tick-borne diseases at Heilongjiang ports. Methods 188 samples of ticks were collected on 5 Sino-Russian border with Heilongjiang Province from April to June in 2014. 5 kinds of specific DNA fragments of emerging tick-borne pathogen were amplified by PCR, and identification and classification were done through gene sequencing. Results The results showed that 11 cases of Borrelia burgdorferi, 1 case of Babesia, 101 cases of spotted fever group rickettsia, 6 cases of Bartonella and 10 cases of Anaplasma phagocytophilum were detected from 188 samples, and their infection rates were 5.85%, 0.53%, 53.7%, 3.72% and 5.32% respectively.Meanwhile, 8 kinds of pathogens were found, which were Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, Babesia sp. Kh-Hj143,Rickettsia raoultii, Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, Bartonella and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Conclusion It can be concluded there is an occurrence of diversity characteristics of emerging tick-borne diseases in Heilongjiang Sino-Russian border. The infection of spotted fever group rickettsia was the main concern, and long-term monitoring on ticks and emerging tick-borne diseases should be established.