使用者行为视角的城市大型公共空间设计研究——以深圳北中轴广场为例

Research on Large-scale Urban Public Space Design: A Perspective from User Behavior and the Case Study of North Central Axis Square, Shenzhen

聚焦于设计者和使用者之间应有的沟通,通过调研城市大型公共空间使用情况,总结了使用者行为与景观空间要素的关系,提出了适应使用者需求的城市公共空间设计的建议。以深圳市中心区北中轴广场为例,对行为注记法观测到的13 468个使用者行为数据进行空间分析,发现使用者活动内容及分布受到设施供给及位置、空间边缘与过渡、光照、场地尺度等因素的直接影响。提出大型公共空间设计应提供多样化的设施,合理进行空间分割,丰富内部景观要素并充分考虑气候特点,满足使用者的多样化需求。

This paper focused on the absent communication between large-scale public space users and designers, and based the investigation of the service conditions of urban public open space and the summary of the relationship between users and landscape space elements, it proposed the approach of urban public open space design adapted to user demand. Through a systematic investigation of user behavior in North Central Axis Square of Shenzhen urban center, it established a spatial database which embraced 13,468 public space user data, and analyzed common patterns of user behavior using Arc GIS. It showed that the occupation of public spaces revealed obvious facility effect, edge effect, shade effect and scale effect. It further provided several design suggestions for public space landscape architecture for effective and convenient use, including diversified facilities, reasonable spatial division, abundant interior landscape elements, as well as climate characteristics.