内蒙古农牧交错区施氮量对燕麦饲草产量和饲用品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application Amount on Oat Forage Yield and Feeding Quality in Farming Pastoral Zone in Inner Mongolia

对比施氮量对饲草产量、品质的影响，为内蒙古农牧交错地区燕麦饲草增产提质提供理论依据。在旱作条件下对2个燕麦品种‘蒙燕1号’和‘8202’分别设低氮（30kg／hm^2）、中氮（90kg／hm^2）和高氮（150kg／hm^2）3处理，比较其产量和品质。结果表明：施氮量显著影响2个燕麦品种饲草产量，‘蒙燕1号’在高氮处理下鲜、干产分别较其他处理增加8．42％～10．73％、9．30％～13-38％，显著高于低氮处理职0．05），且分别较‘8202’高氮处理下增产17．58％、19．28％。2品种粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量随施氮量的增加而提高。‘8202’粗蛋白含量在高氮处理下较其他处理提高4．24％～14．14％，较高氮处理下‘蒙燕1号’提高29．85％；‘8202’高氮处理下粗脂肪产量较其他处理提高0．44％～6．43％，较‘蒙燕1号’提高6．94％，2品种粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量在高氮、中氮处理下差异不显著，却与低氮处理差异显著（P〈0．05）。施氮后品种间草产量和品质有差异，若以草产量为目标，应选‘蒙燕1号’，施高氮，可获鲜草40891kg／hm^2，可获干草7801kg／hm^2；若以品质为目标，应选‘8202’，施中氮，整株粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量分别可达17．66％，2．88％，可获粗蛋白1080kg／hm^2。粗脂肪166kg／hm^2。

In order to provide theoretical basis to the increase of the yield and quality of oat in Inner Mongolia fanning pastoral zone, the effects of nitrogen application amount on forage yield and feeding quality were analyzed. Three levels of nitrogen fertilizer amount （30, 90 and 150 kg/hm^2） were conducted with two oat cultivars （‘ Mengyan 1＇ and ＇ 8202＇） under dry farming condition. The results showed that nitrogen application amount significantly affected the forage yield of the two oat cultivars. Compared with the low N treatment, the fresh yield and dry yield of ‘Mengyanl＇ significantly increased by 8.42%-10.73% and 9.30%-13.38% respectively under high N treatment （P〈0.05）, which were also 17.58% and 19.28% higher than that of ‘8202’ under high N treatment. The content of crude protein and crude fat of the two oat cultivars increased with the increase of N application amount. The crude protein of ‘ 8202＇ under high N application amount was 4.24%- 14.14% higher than that of the other treatments, and was 29.85% higher than that of ‘Mengyanl ＇ under high N application amount. The crude fat of ‘8202＇ under high N application amount was 0.44%-6.43% higher than that of the other treatments, and was 6.94% higher than that of ‘Mengyanl＇ under high N application amount. The differences of the content of crude protein and crude fat between high and middle N application amount were not significant, but they were significantly higher than that under low N treatments （P〈0.05）. There were some differences between the two oat cuhivars on forage yield and quality after N treatment. If the target was high forage yield, ‘Mengyanl＇ should be the choice, its fresh forage yield and hay yield were 40891 and 7801 kg/hm2 under high N treatment. If the target was high quality, ‘8202＇ should be the choice, its crude protein and crude fat of the whole plant were 17.66% and 2.88%, which could reach 1080 and 166 kg/hm^2, respectively.