从咏物谈晚唐诗与南宋词的交融嬗变——以李商隐、姜夔咏物诗词的比较为中心

Interflowing and Exchanging between Poems in the Late Tang Dynasty and Ci in the Southern Song Dynasty from Object-Chanting——Mainly between Li Shangyin's poems and Jiang Kui's Ci in Object-Chanting

咏物诗词反映出不同诗歌体裁发展演变的内在轨迹。晚唐李商隐和南宋姜夔的咏物诗词于意象选择、思想意蕴、创作技巧上体现出两种文体的交融嬗变:李商隐咏物纤巧柔美,以诗体营造词境,姜夔意象纯美典雅,以诗韵提升艳词;李诗缘情而发,姜词具有言志思想,共同在诗词两界的游移间彰显了情志合一的特质;二人都倾向于交融物我、空际传神,使作品呈现出缥缈朦胧的特色。在跨界尝试的同时,李、姜没有摆脱文体形式的束缚,姜词吸收了李诗的创作手法,又借助词体优势将其深化发展。

Object-chanting poetry reflected development path of different genres. The chanting objects poems and Ci written by Li Shangyin in the late Tang Dynasty and Jiang Kui in the Southern Song Dynasty embodied interflowing and exchanging of these two genres in images,containing and techniques. Li Shangyin＇s objects were delicate,which constructed graceful artistic conception in poems. Jiang Kui＇s images were elegant,which advanced inherent showy Ci. Li＇s poems came from emotion while Jiang＇s Ci expressed aspiration. The emotion and aspiration were mixed together because their reverse movement. They tended to merge object and self and expressed spirit vacantly. As a result,their works were indistinct. Although they attempted to step over the boundary,their works did not break the tether of genres. Jiang absorbed Li＇s techniques,what is more,with the help of Ci style,he promoted them.