中国与东欧关系正常化过程中的苏联因素——以“对华国际”活动为例

The Soviet Factor in the Normalization of Relation Between China and Eastern Europe

20世纪80年代初,中国与东欧国家关系开始"解冻"。为阻止这一趋势,苏联试图利用早在1967年成立于莫斯科的"对华国际"形成反华阵线。"对华国际"是协调苏东国家对华政策、扩大反华舆论阵地的组织,因此被学者们称为由苏共操纵的继共产国际及欧洲共产党和工人党情报局之后的第三个国际。但是,随着中国改革开放政策的实施,以及东欧各国将改革和完善国内经济制度作为政府工作重心,中国与东欧国家关系的正常化成为不可阻挡的历史趋势。"对华国际"不仅没有完成反华目标,反而成为东欧各国了解中国的平台。1986年,随着"对华国际"领导人罗满宁退休,中国与东欧国家关系也进入了友好合作的新阶段。

In the early 1980 s,relations between China and Eastern European countries began to improve.To prevent this trend,however,the Soviet Union tried to use Interkit,which was established in Moscow in 1967,to form Anti- China front.Interkit served as a forum where the International Department of the Soviet Politburo essentially tried to dictate the China policies of respective allied states and to expand the field of public opinion about anti-China.So some scholars called it as the Third International controlled by CPSU,after the Cominternl and Cominform.At the time when China was carrying out reform and opening policy,and East European countries was taking reform and improving of the existing system as the government's priority,the normalization of relations between China and the Eastern European countries become an irresistible trend.So Interkit did not achieve its original goals instead become the platform for Eastern European countries to understand China.