关于制定国家外语考试质量标准的研究及建议

A Study on Developing National Standards for Foreign Language Assessment in China

制定外语学科国家考试质量标准是深化招生制度改革的迫切任务。国家外语考试质量标准可以对外语考试设计、实施和使用的各个环节进行规范与检测,以保障考试质量和公平。国际上,语言测量是一门比较成熟的学科,语言测量标准也比较成熟。借鉴国际考试语言测量标准测试公平原则与测试行为准则双管齐下等经验,制定我国外语考试质量标准,集中解决服务群体、覆盖内容、如何制定实施三个核心问题,即:国家外语考试质量标准的制定要充分考虑中国的考试环境,兼顾测试研制者、实施者和测试使用者各方面的权利;以人为本,开发系列标准对测试开发到使用的各环节进行规范;增进人性化服务,为依法治考提供理论和技术支撑。

Developing national standards for foreign language assessment is an imperative task of the Reform of Examination and Enrollment Systems. By regularizing test development, administration and useing method,national standards for foreign language is of vital importance to guarantee test quality and fairness. Language testing is a mature subject, and in the international language testing field, there are several widely-used standards of language assessment, which usually give considers to two things： test fairness principles and test regulating codes. Drawing references from existing standards, this paper discusses the three major and initial questions for setting standards in China who the standards should serve, what the standards should cover, and how to develop and practice the standards. Based on the people-oriented spirit, developing national standards for foreign language assessment should consider the specific circumstances of foreign language teaching and testing in China,protect the rights of test developers, test administrators, and test users, regulate every test development link, and provide theoretical and technical support for administering test by law.