2000—2014年上海市奉贤区尘肺病发病情况

Epidemic situation of pneumoconiosis in Fengxian District of Shanghai from 2000-2014

目的了解上海市奉贤区2000—2014年尘肺病发病情况,为制定职业性尘肺病防治策略提供科学依据。方法对2000—2014年奉贤区新发尘肺病例个案进行数据整理,采用SPSS 11.5统计软件对数据进行单因素方差分析。结果 2000—2014年奉贤区职业性尘肺病新发病例44例,平均发病年龄为(40.18±10.10)岁,不同尘肺病发病年龄比较,差异有统计学意义(F=3.509,P<0.05)。平均接触工龄为(9.80±7.03)a,不同尘肺病接触工龄比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.641,P>0.05)。新发尘肺病病例以男性为主,占97.73%;电焊尘肺居多,为30例,占68.18%;主要分布于6个行业,以机械行业居首位,共33例;集中于中小企业。结论该区应重点加强对生产性粉尘作业工人和健康监护和作业场所环境监测,要求企业加大对员工的职业病防护知识宣传力度,加强作业场所环境的清洁工作,落实岗前、在岗和离岗时的健康检查,加强生产工艺改革和通风排毒防护措施、改善作业场所环境,有效控制职业性尘肺病的发生。

[Objective]To understand the epidemic situation of pneumgconiosis in Fengxian District of Shanghai from 2000-2014, provide scientific evidence for developing the prevention and control strategies of occupational pneumoconiosis.[Methods]The new cases of pneumoconiosis in Fengxian District from 2000-2014 were collected, and the data were analyzed with the one-way ANOVA by SPSS 11.5 statistical software.[Results]There were 44 new cases of occupational pneumoeoniosis in Fengxian District from 2000-2014, and the average age of onset was （40.18±10.10） years old. There was statistically significant difference in age of onset among different types of pneumoconiosis （F=3.509, P〈0.05 ）. The average length of exposure was （9.80±7.03） years, and there was no statistically significant difference in length of exposure among different types of pneumoconiosis （F=0.641, P〉0.05 ）. 97.73% of new pneumoeoniosis cases were male, and there were 30 cases of welding pneumoconiosis, accounting for 61.18%. The pneumoconiosis cases mainly distributed in 6 industries, 33 cases were reported in machinery industry. The cases concentrated in small and medium sized enterprises.[Conclusion]It is necessary to strengthen the health care among dust-exposed workers and environmental monitoring in workplace, require the enterprises to increase publicity of occupational disease prevention knowledge among employees, improve the environment cleaning of workplace, implement the pre-working, in-working and post-working health examination, strengthen the production process reform and ventilation detoxification protective measures, and improve the workplace environment, to effectively control the occupational pneumoconiosis.