上海市嘉定区重点职业病危害企业职业防护状况调查

Investigation on occupational protection status in key enterprises existing occupational hazards in Jiading District of Shanghai

目的了解上海市嘉定区重点职业病危害企业防护状况,为制定相应防护措施提供科学依据。方法采用随机抽样方法抽取66家企业及1 925名工人,调查内容包括基本情况、职业卫生相关知识、态度和行为。结果该区大中型企业的职业卫生防护设置率为95.5%,小型企业为40.9%;大中型企业个人防护用品使用率为81.8%,小型企业为47.8%。大中型企业职业卫生管理方面的设置率高于小型企业,其差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。职业卫生检测矽尘合格率仅为27.8%。工人对职业病防治法的知晓率仅为17.5%。结论小型企业的职业卫生防护设置率较低,存在较严重的职业病危害隐患。应建立长效的防治机制。

[Objective]To understand the occupational protection status in key enterprises existing occupational hazards in Jiading District of Shanghai, provide scientific basis for formulating corresponding protection measures.[Methods]66 enterprises and 1925 workers were randomly sampled to investigate the general conditions, and the knowledge, attitude and behavior related to occupational health. [Results]The equipping rate of occupational protection facilities in large and medium-sized enterprises and small enterprises was 95.5% and 40.9% respectively. The using rate of individual protective articles in large and medium-sized enterprises and small enterprises was 81.8% and 47.8% respectively. The rate of occupational health management in large and medium-sized enterprises was higher than that in small enterprises, and differences were statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The occupational health detection results showed that the qualified rate of silicon dust was only （27.8%）. The awareness rate of the Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Disease among workers was only 17.5%. [Conclusion]The equipping rate of occupational protection facilities in small enterprises is low relatively, and there exists serious hidden trouble of occupational hazards. It is necessary to establish a long-term prevention and control system.