社区围绝经期妇女健康状况分析

A Analysis on the Health Status of Peri Menopausal Women in Community

目的:探讨社区围绝经期妇女健康状况,旨在制定有针对性的健康教育管理模式。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月—2014年1月广州市天河区石牌街社区400例围绝经期妇女的一般资料,采用问卷调查法调查其健康问题、健康知识、态度、行为、影响因素和保健需求,观察其生活质量及健康状况,根据调查结果制定一套完整的将循证医学融入到围绝经期妇女保健中的个性化的社区健康教育管理模式。结果:所有调查对象中,平均绝经年龄为(49.7±2.4)岁,居前五位的疾病分别是心血管疾病54例(13.5%),消化系统疾病46例(11.5%),骨关节疾病36例(9.0%),妇科疾病32例(8.0%),内分泌疾病26例(6.5%);围绝经期综合征的发生率为252例(88.0%);围绝经期知识了解率为172例(43.0%);围绝经期妇女的生活质量与年龄、职业、婚姻状况、子女关系、经济收入等有关;围绝经期妇女的健康状况与现患躯体疾病、孕产情况、月经等状况有关;绝经期生存质量量表(MENQOL)中,所有围绝经期妇女生理领域、心理领域、独立性领域、社会领域、环境领域等评分均明显低于健康人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);改良Kupperman评分量表(KI)中,所有围绝经期妇女潮热汗出、感觉异常、皮肤蚁行感、失眠、焦虑、抑郁、心悸、头痛等评分明显高于健康人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:围绝经期妇女围绝经期综合征发病率高,但健康知识知晓率低,制定有针对性的健康教育管理模式利于生活质量及健康水平的提高。

Objective：To investigate the health status of the peri menopausal women in the community, and to develop a targeted health education management model. Methods： A retrospective analysis in January 2013 - 2014 in January Guangzhou Tianhe District in Shihpai street community 400 cases of peri menopausal women in general, and by using the method of questionnaire investigation and the health problems, health knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and influencing factors and health care needs to observe the quality of life and health status, according to the survey results to develop a set of complete will follow the medicine into the peri menopausal women＇s health in the personalized community health education management mode.Conclusion： perimenopausal women perimenopausal syndrome with a high incidence,but health knowledge know rate is low,make the health education management mode to improve the quality of life and health level.