浙江省德清县5例人感染H7N9禽流感病例流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of 5 cases of human infection with avian influenza A( H7N9 ) virus in Deqing,Zhejiang

目的对浙江省德清县2014年报告的5例人感染H7N9禽流感病例进行流行特征分析,为进一步科学防控人禽流感提供依据。方法对确诊病例和病例的密切接触者进行个案调查,对病例的呼吸道标本进行人感染H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测。结果德清县共确诊人感染H7N9禽流感病例5例,无死亡病例。重症病例主要表现为重症肺炎;分布在2个乡镇;年龄中位数为62岁（39~62岁）;2/5的病例有慢性基础性疾病;5例病例发病与活禽交易市场暴露有关,所有病例的密切接触者均无流感样症状,未发现人传人的证据。结论早期发现和救治是提高患者预后的关键,对病例采取隔离治疗、密切接触者进行医学观察、疫点终末消毒、停止活禽交易等综合措施后,疫情得到有效控制。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of 5 cases of human infection w ith avian influenza A（ H7N9） virus reported in Deqing,Zhejiang province,in January 2014,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of human infection w ith H7N9 virus. Methods All the confirmed cases and their close contacts w ere surveyed,and respiratory tract specimens w ere taken from the confirmed cases to detect the nucleic acid of H7N9 virus w ith real-time PCR. Results A total of 5 cases of human infection w ith H7N9 virus w ere confirmed in Deqing,no death cases w ere reported. Severe pneumonia developed in severe cases. The cases w ere distributed in 2 tow nships and the median age of the cases w as 62 years（ 39- 62 years）. All the cases had exposures to alive poultry and 2 had chronic disease. All of their close contacts show ed no influenza like symptoms,and no evidence of human to human transmission w as found. Conclusion Early detection and treatment of the infection w ith H7N9 virus are essential for the improvement of patients＇ prognosis. By prompt isolation and treatment,strict medical observation for close contacts,terminal disinfection and closure of alive poultry markets,the epidemic w as under control effectively.