油用及观赏牡丹花粉超微结构的比较研究

Comparative Study on Different Provenance Oil Use and Ornamental Tree Peony Pollen Ultrastructure

在扫描电镜下对5个不同种源的杨山牡丹、8个观赏牡丹品种(包括5个中国中原品种和3个日本品种)和3个牡丹芍药杂交种的花粉超微结构进行观察并对其形态指标进行比较研究。结果表明:不同种源及品种间花粉纹饰差异显著。杨山牡丹以穴状纹饰为主,观赏牡丹品种以网状为主,杂交种以皱波-网状为主。牡丹花粉的极轴长、赤道面宽、极轴长/赤道面宽、萌发沟长、萌发沟宽和穿孔直径均大于牡丹芍药杂交种,但脊宽均小于杂交种。通过比较研究芍药属花粉的超微结构,其花粉形态的差异可以作为资源利用和品种鉴定的初步依据,进一步为牡丹园艺品种的起源、演化以及种类间亲缘关系等的研究提供孢粉学证据。

Ultrastructure of pollen of five different population Paeonia ostii,eight ornamental varieties of tree peony,and three hybrids between tree and herbious peony were compared under the scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that pollen wall sculpture were differed significantly between the different population,as well as within the different tree penoy groups.The pollen wall sculpture cave-shaped were dominate in P.ostii,the mesh pollen wall sculpture in ornamental peonies and the crisped-mesh pollen wall sculpture were dominated in hybrids.The polar axis,equatorial plane wide,axial length/equatorial plane width,germinal furrow length and width,and perforation diameter of tree peonies were commonly longer than that of the hybrids,but the ridge width of tree peony was less than that of the hybrids.The different pollen morphological provided important markers for identification of different utilization and different cultivars,and also provided evidences for the origin,evolution and consanguineous relations among varieties of tree peony.