计算流体力学技术在胸主动脉疾病中的应用

Role of computational fluid dynamics in thoracic aortic diseases research： technical superiority and application prospect

计算流体力学（CFD）技术可以模拟正常或病理状态下主动脉的血流的力学特征和流场变化,从而协助研究者理解和揭示主动脉疾病的发生、发展和治疗转归.在主动脉疾病研究领域,CFD模拟研究经历了从理想化（正向工程）、刚性血管壁、等横截面、层流、稳定速度到个体化（逆向工程）、弹性血管壁（流-固耦合技术）、锥形递减横截面、湍流、脉动血流的数值模拟发展历程.本文总结了CFD技术在模拟正常胸主动脉、胸主动脉瘤和主动脉夹层的发生、发展及疾病治疗转归方面的研究现状、技术优势与应用前景,展望CFD技术可能深刻影响未来人们对于主动脉疾病的认识和治疗策略.

Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） technology has the potential to simulate normal orpathologic aortic blood flow changes of mechanical properties and flow field,thereby helping researchers understand and reveal the occurrence,development and prognosis of aortic disease.In aortic diseases research,the initial conditions of CFD numerical simulation has experienced a developed process from idealization （forward engineering）,rigid vessel wall,uniform cross-sections,laminar flow and stable blood flow towards personalization （reverse engineering）,elastic vessel wall （fluid-solid coupling technique）,cone-shaped diminishing cross-sections,turbulent flow,pulsatile blood flow.In this review,the research status,the technical superiority and application prospect of CFD technology were discussed with examples in following three major application areas：（1） dynamics characteristic and mechanical properties in normal thoracic aorta;（2） occurrence,advance and disruptive risk predicting in thoracic aortic aneurysm;（3）therapeutic effect and aneurysmal dilatation simulation in thoracic aortic dissection.For the future,the CFD technology may profoundly put an influence on the awareness to aortic diseases and treatment strategies.